magney



Patented Jan. 3l, I899; P. MAGNEY. DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

(Application filed June 11, 1898.) v

3 Sheets Sheet I.

(No Model.)

no. 6|8,476. Patented Jan. 2,1, I899.

- J. P. MAGNEY.

DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

(Application filed June 11, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

No. (8,476. Patented Jan. 3|, I899.

J. P. MAGNEY.

000B CLOSER AND CHECK.

Application filed June 11, 1898."

3 Sheets8heet, 3.

(No Model.)

' or by the two acting jointly.

UNHE STATES JOSEPH P. MAGNEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES F.

QUINCY, OF SAME PLACE.

DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,476, dated January 31, 1899. Application filed June 11 1898. Serial No- 683,208. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH P. MAGNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door Closers and Checks and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan or top view of devices embodying my invention as attached to a door and casing, the door being partially open. Fig. 2 is a side view or elevation of the devices shown in Fig. 1, the door being closed. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central section of the air-chamber piston and one of the springchambers on the line 3 3, Fig. 5, a portion of the power-spring being in elevation and a portion broken away to show the means for adjusting the tension of the spring. Fig. 4 is a detached end view of the crank-shaft case, showing the points of attachment of the cylinders or casings for the piston and springs. Fig. 5 is an end View of the devices, showing the end bracket or cap for the piston and spring cylinders or casings. Fig. 6 is a detached view in elevation of the crank-shaft and chains, &c., for actuating the powersprings and piston. Figs. 7 and S are detached views of the arm and lever or rod for actuating the crank-shaft.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur. Y

My invention relates to the construction of that class of devices commonly termed door closers and checks, wherein are combined with means for closing the door other certain means for retarding and controlling the closing movement to prevent the slamming of the door, whether the same be due to the operation of the closing mechanism, by drafts, I-Ieretofore the resistance to the closing movement has been effected by means of an air-cylinder and'piston (a pneumatic check) or by means of a friction device, and in either case the resistance has remained substantially constant in power, notwithstanding the closing mechanism (spring or like power) sufiereda gradual diminution.

The object of the present invention is to provide a check to be used in conjunction with a closer, which check shall diminish the resistance proportionately with the diminution of the power of the closing mechanism, whereby the closing movement of the door will be rendered steady and uniform throughout and any sudden closing or slamming of the door will be obviated.

To this end my invention may be generally stated as embracing the combination, in a door-check, of a cylinder and piston constituting a pneumatic check, a screw for actuating the piston, and a'reciprocating device for actuating the screw, the latter constituting a friction-check whereby a combined pneumatic and friction check is obtained wherein the resistance is proportioned to the power of the closing mechanism.

In carrying out my invention I prefer to employ a piston operating in a cylinder or airchamber as the pneumatic element of the combination, and as the friction element I prefer to employ a screw and nut for actuatingsaid piston, and such a combination embodies a secondary feature of invention.

There are other minor features of invention,

.all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

I will now proceed to describe myinvention more fully,'so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same. In the drawings, A indicates a portion of a door-casing, and B a portion of a door with which the door closer and check is to be employed.

By preference the inclosure for containing the operative devices comprises a crank-case 0, provided with perforated lugs c c or other means for securing the same to its support, an air-cylinderD and spring-cylinders E, (one or more, preferably two,) which engage the crank-case O and are supported therefrom, and an end cap or bracket F, having a perforated lugf or equivalent means of attachment to its support, said bracket F serving to support the outer ends of the cylinders D E and also serving as a means of support for the tension-screws of the power spring or springs and the screw which controls the airinlet of the piston-cylinder.

By preference the crank-case O is composed of two lateral separable sections 0 C ,which may be connected by screws 0 c or in other suitable manner, and said casing is provided with end bores c c for the reception of the spring cylinders or casings E E and a flanged bore c for the reception of the end of the air or piston cylinder D.

1 indicates a crank-shaft journaled in the crank-case C, the outer end of said shaft being polygonal or rectangular, as at 1, to receive a suitable arm or lever L,whereby said shaft is rotated. Both the outer ends of shaft 1 are usually squared, so that the door closer and check may be adapted to either a right or left hand door, and a cap or finish l may be provided for covering and concealing the end of the shaft not in use as a point of attachment for lever L. Within the casing O the shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of arms 1 and l 1, the former of which is connected with the piston by a rod 2 or in other suitable manner, and the latter (one or more, according to the number of power-sprin gs desired) is connected with its respective powerspring, preferably by a rod 3 and flexible connection, such as chain 8.

In the present instance two springs at 4 and two arms 1 and chains 3 are employed, though it is evident that one could be omitted, if desired. The opposite ends of said powersprings a 4 are each provided with a nut l, with which engages a tension-screw 5, passed through the bracket or end cap F, and by such or equivalent means the tension of the power spring or springs maybe varied to meet the requirements of the case.

(5 indicates a plunger centrally bored and threaded for the reception of one end of a screw-rod 7 the same constituting a reciprocating nut connected with the crank-shaft 1 by the lever or rod 2.

The screw-rod 7 may be a single rod having at one end a right-hand and at the other a left-hand thread adapted to rotate in a central fixed hearing, but is by preference composed of two sections '7 7 the one a lefthand screw and the other a right-hand screw, said sections secured to a rotary head 8, journaled in a central fixed bearing 9, provided with antifriction-balls 9.

10 indicates the piston proper, which is centrally bored and threaded for the reception of the opposite end of the screw-rod 7, by which said piston is reciprocated, and in order to prevent the rotation of the piston it is provided with a groove 10 to receive a lug or feather 11 on the interior of cylinder D. The piston may be provided with the usual packing 12, and the end of cylinder 1) will be provided with an air-port controlled by a suitable screw 13 or equivalent means for the admission of air to the cylinder D.

For convenience of construction and setting up of the parts the crank-shaft case (J is preferably constructed of two lateral separable sections 0 (3 as before noted, and the cylinder D is also composed ,of two sections D D screwed onto the central bearing 9, while the lug 11, which prevents the rotation of the piston, is held in place by small screws 11 11, which pass through the cylinder D, or by other suitable means, and said cylinder D is provided with a port 13 to relieve the pressure in front of piston 10.

As a means of adjustment the pivoted lever or arm L is provided with the lapping levers Z Z, one of which is provided with a plurality of pegs m and the other with aseries of holes at for the reception of said pegs m, and with 'a slip-collar and set-screw S.

The devices being constructed and combined as hereinbefore pointed out will operate as follows upon being properly attached to a door and its casing: On opening the door the arm L will bring into operation the spring or springs 4 or equivalent power mechanism, and at the same time cause the plunger 6 to move toward the center of the cylinder D, which will cause the rotation of screwrod 7,which, being right and left hand threaded, will draw in the piston or cause it to move toward the center of the cylinder D. On the release of the door the reaction of the spring or springs 4 will cause the outward reciprocation of plunger ornut 6, which will cause the reverse rotationof the screwrod '7 and force the piston 10 outward, its movement being resisted by the air-cushion found in cylinder D. In this operation of the devices there will be, first, a pneumatic check operating in the usual and well-known way; but in addition thereto and acting con jointly therewith there will be a friction check, due to the frictional resistance of the screw by means of which the piston is oper* ated, and as the power which closes the door and actuates the screw-rod which moves the piston gradually declines the check or resistance will correspondingly decline, so that the movement of the door will be gradual and uniform throughout and all slamming of the door or irregular movement in closing will be obviated.

WVhile the power for closing the door has been shown and described as a coiled spring, because the same is both economical and effective, yet any well-known equivalent power may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as the closer in itself, except as an element in a given combination, embodies no feature of my invention, the essentials of the invention residing in the combination of pneumatic and frictional elements in a door-check.

As before pointed out, the devices may be used with either a right or left hand door by simply reversing the cap 1", and it will be equally apparent to one skilled in the art that the devices may be applied to the casing as readily as to the door.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a door-check, the combination with a nation withacylinder and piston, of a powerspring, and an interposed nut, and reverselythreaded rod, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a door-check, the combination with a cylinder and its piston, of a plunger-nut, an interposed reversely-threaded rod for actuating the piston from the plunger-nut, and an antifriction-bearingin which the rod is journaled, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a door closer and check, the combination with a plurality of power-springs, of a cylinder and piston, a plunger-nut, operatively connected with the power-springs, and a reversely-threaded rod which connects the plunger-nut with the piston, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I aff x my signature,

in presence of two witnesses, this 9th day of June, 1898.

JOSEPH P. MAGNEY Witnesses:

FRED H. CLARKE, A. T. CALAS. 

